How does shape matter in the asembly of particulate systems?

Despite that most of existing granular as well as colloidal literature discuss the collective behavior of spheres, we have to admit that particles in nature are rarely spherical. In fact, each sand grain has a unique shape.

Following recent advances in thermal systems,  the key question is:

"How does the maximum coordination number determine the assembled state of agitated granular matter?"

With the help of a Electrical Discharge Machine as well as a 3D printer, we design particle shapes that favor a certain coordination number (or say design valence bonds).

• As a starting point, we use hexagonal disks to investigate what happens if the circular symmetry is broken.